Bacterial Meningitis

 

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Bacterial Meningitis can be caused by several different species of bacteria.  The most common species are specific to the age of the child: The first two months of life -- Group B Streptococcus, gram-negative enteric bacilli, and Listeria monocytogenes Children two months-12 years of age -- S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, or H. influenzae type b

Newborn infants under one month old; individuals with intracranial surgically implanted devices; and those with spina bifida and similar diseases are at greater risk for meningitis. People with certain immune system diseases, including AIDS, are also at increased risk for meningitis.

Diagnosis is usually made by taking samples of spinal fluid obtained by a lumbar puncture, or "spinal tap."  All pediatricians, and most physicians, in the United States are trained in, and comfortable with, this procedure.  When done by an experienced doctor, it is safe and has a minimal risk of complications.

Therapy for meningitis requires intravenous antibiotics for a period of ten days to four weeks. Because of the severity of the condition, this treatment is usually given in a hospital. Depending upon the cause of the infection, oral antibiotic treatment for family members and household contacts may also be needed to prevent them from developing the infection.

Untreated, meningitis can result in permanent disability and death. If treated appropriately, most children with meningitis will do very well.  However, there are significant risks for long-term problems, including deafness and developmental delay.  These risks vary with the age of an individual patient, and the organism responsible for the infection. Because of these risks, children with a history of meningitis should be followed closely by their doctors so that problems can be identified early and appropriate interventions can be started

See your pediatrician immediately

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